A Critical Examination of the Beam-Squinting Effect in Broadband Mobile Communication: Review Paper

Due to the fact that quality of received signal is adversely affected by beam squint phenomenon, which especially pertinent millimeter wave (mmwave) bands, many studies have been utilised other researchers provide light on some challenges come with analysing this type occurrence. Squint causes several issues, most important are its detrimental effects gain, line sight, angle arrival, progressive phase, usable bandwidth, and fading effect. As a result these obstacles, advantages adopting high-frequency band such as mmwave in modern wireless communication systems severely limited. Squint-phenomena-related difficulties, decreased channel capacity, increased bit error rate (BER), lowered services, may substantial impact performance. The phenomenon associated issues become more pressing expansion frequency spectrum deviation arrival from boresight. purpose article comprehensive overview relevant literature compare contrast various methods order identify fruitful lines inquiry for future research.